3d printing personalized treatment methods for bone tissue engineering applications

Abstract

Bone injuries and deformities are one of the major health problems worldwide. To overcome this problem, bone tissue engineering focuses on producing synthetic bones that can be used to treat patients with bone injuries or deformities. Personalized 3D printing is used to produce customized bone prostheses based on the size and shape of the patient's bone damage. Printed in accordance with software-generated algorithms, 3D printing enables the creation of patientspecific bone implants that precisely fit the individual's specific anatomy. This method, which allows 3D-printed bone implants to be tailored to the specific needs of the patient, aims to improve treatment outcomes and reduce the risk of complications associated with incompatible standard implants. Biological materials such as biocompatible polymers and bioactive ceramics can be used in the 3D printing process to ensure that the prosthesis is similar to the patient's existing bone structure and to mimic the biological and mechanical properties of the tissue. In addition, natural bone biopolymers, bioceramics, biological materials and cells are used together. The inclusion of stem cells and growth factors for the production of biofunctional implants can stimulate bone regeneration and accelerate the healing process. Bone tissue engineering, which combines advanced 3D printing technologies with personalized treatment methods, is an interesting application in the field of regenerative medicine. This innovative approach has significant potential in the treatment of bone injuries and deformities by providing tailored solutions that support better patient outcomes and overall quality of life. This review summarizes the analysis, biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and potential of promoting osteogenesis of bioinks and biomaterials for 3D printing in bone tissue engineering. So, this review encourages interdisciplinary collaboration and supports innovation in regenerative medicine.