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Öğe Biochar in conjunction with reduced doses of mineral fertilizers increased yield attributes and yield of rice (cv. BRRI dhan29)(Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2024-08-30) Md. Rayhanul Hoque; S.M Rahman; S.A. Ruba; J. Ferdous; Kamrunahar K.V.; Md. Rafiqul Islam; Zeki Erden; Muhammad Aamir Iqbal; Walid Soufan; Samer Abo Dawaba; Mohammad Sohidul IslamRecently, biochar (BC) applied in optimized quantities has emerged as an effective organic amendment for improving the physico-chemical features of the soil along with boosting the yield attributes of cereals. In the research field of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur a field experiment was directed to assess the impact of BC implication united with reduced doses of recommended chemical fertilizers (RDF including N, P, K and S) on the growth and yield of rice (cv. BRRI dhan29). It was comprised of five treatments viz. T1= Recommended doses of RDF, T2 = BC 10 t ha-1, T3 = BC 10 t ha-1 + half RDF, T4= Biochar 7.5 t ha-1 + half RDF and T5 = BC 5 t ha-1 + half RDF. The experimental design was the regular arrangement of Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) along with four replications. The T1 treatment recorded the maximum plant height (103.00 cm) and the number of tillers hill-1 (26.10) which remained statistically identical to T3. Likewise, T3 out performed rest of regimes by recording the highest values of panicle length (24.89 cm), grains number panicle-1 (195.40), filled grains number panicles-1 (191.10), and 1000-grain weight (25.53 g). Moreover, the same treatment recorded for grain yield (7.82 tha-1) and straw yield (8.76 t ha-1) which was statistically at par to T1 (7.46 and 8.72 t ha-1, respectively). Furthermore, T3 also remained superior as for as biological yield (16.58 t ha-1) of rice was concerned. The outcomes of this trial reveal that BC (10 t ha-1) application have potential to reduce CF dose up to 50% for improving the yield attributes and grain output of rice. (cv. BRRI dhan29).Öğe Citric Acid Alleviated Salt Stress by Modulating Photosynthetic Pigments, Plant Water Status, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper](Agricultural Research Communication Center, 2024-08-09) Md. Aktaru Hossain; Mst. Smrity Khatun; Mottaleb Hosen; Zakariya Ibne Sayed; Md. Rafiqul Islam; Md. Kaium Chowdhury; Muhammad Aamir Iqbal; Ibrahim Al-Ashkar; Zeki Erden; Cagdas Can Toprak; Ayman El Sabagh; Mohammad Sohidul IslamBackground: Salt stress (SS) has seriously threatened the productivity of pulses including black gram in modern input-intensive farming systems which necessitates finding biologically viable, pro-farmer and environmentally friendly SS ameliorating strategies. Methods: An experiment was conducted to assess three levels of both SS (0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl) and citric acid (CA, 0, 50 and 100 mu M) applied as a foliar spray to ameliorate the deleterious effects of SS on black gram (cv. BARI Mash-3). The response variables included plant growth traits like plant height (PH), leaf number (BLPP) and root dry weight (RDW) along with chlorophyll contents (chl a, chl b and tchl), plant water status (relative water content RWC and water retention capacity WRC), grain yield (GY), stover yield (SY), biological yield (BY)) and harvest index (HI) along with nitrogen (N) and protein (P) content of black gram. Result: The results revealed that CA (100 mu M) remained unmatched by increasing PH (76.25%), NLPP (37.52%), RDW (83.67%), Chl a (17.80%), Chl b (11.59%), tChl (15.51%), RWC (9.81%) and WRC (26.64%) under highest level of induced SS. The same treatment also surpassed the rest of the doses in terms of grains number per pod (23.89%), 100 grains weight (59.74%), GY (82.86%), SY (59.66%), BY (64.94%) and HI. Moreover, CA accumulated N and P content (29.9%) in the grain under SS conditions. These results indicated that application CA alleviated the adverse effects of SS by triggering the growth, yield and nutritional quality which might be developed as a potent strategy to cope with the declining productivity of black gram in saline environment.Öğe Mitigating Drought by Exogenous Potassium-mediated Improvements in Water Relation, Antioxidant Defense, Morpho-physiological and Biochemical Attributes of Black Gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper](Agricultural Research Communication Center, 2024-12-26) Muhammad Ahmad; Ejaz Ahmad Waraich; Aneeqa Munir; Saddam Hussain; Raees Ahmed; Muhammad Aamir Iqbal; Usman Zulfiqar; Khalid F. Almutairi; Zeki Erden; Çaðdaþ Can Toprak; Md Atikur Rahman; Ayman El SabaghBackground: Globally, drought stress (DS) incidence in early development and grain-filling stages of crops like black gram has posed a serious constraint to the growth and yield of legume crops. To ensure the food and nutritional security of the rising human population, requisites developing eco-friendly, pro-farmers and cost-effective DS mitigation strategies for imparting yield sustainability to black gram. Methods: In this trial, treatments included control group entailing control (normal watering), water spray (WA, positive control), control+50 mg L-1 K2SO4, control +100 mg L-1 K2SO4, control +150 mg L-1 K2SO4, while drought treatment included drought stress (plant exposed to 15-20% by suspending water supply), water spray (WA, positive control), drought +50 mg L-1 K2SO4, drought +100 mg L-1 K2SO4 and drought +150 mg L-1 K2SO4. Result: The results exhibited that the DS seriously declined plant growth, relative water content and water potential by 24.2% and 39.3%, respectively, inducing higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration that reduced cell membrane stability, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate, than the control. However, the foliar applied K significantly improved plant growth, plant water status, gas exchange and photosynthetic performance, chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activity. Exogenous application of K further reduced lipid peroxidation, cell membrane injury and hydrogen peroxide by 12.7, 17.6 and 8.70%, respectively.Öğe Mitigating drought stress in fenugreek through synergistic effects of alanine and potassium-enriched biochar(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-02-03) Wanzheng Ma; Xinyu Fang; Mengru Qiu; Misbah Hareem; Zeki Erden; Çağdaş Can Toprak; Abdullah A. AlarfajDrought stress adversely affects plant growth, development, and yield. It can decrease seed germination, biomass accumulation, root proliferation, chlorophyll contents, and stomatal conductance. To overcome this critical issue, researchers suggest employing environmentally friendly approaches. The exogenous application of alanine (AL) acts as an osmolyte, which helps balance the cellular water under drought stress. It can also improve root architecture, biomass accumulation, and plant fertilizer use efficiency. Applying biochar can improve soil structure, water, and nutrient retention in soil, which are allied factors in enhancing plant growth under drought stress. Furthermore, the enrichment of potassium (K) in biochar also increases its availability to plants, directly regulating the stomatal conductance to alleviate drought stress. That's why the current study aims to explore the combined effect of AL and potassium-enriched biochar (KBC) on fenugreek cultivated under drought stress. Four levels of AL (control, 2mM, 4mM, and 6mM) were applied with 0%, 1%, and 2% KBC in three replicates. Results showed that 2mM AL + 2%KBC showed significant improvement in plant length (5.24%), plant fresh weight (25.36%), plant dry weight (16.23%), chlorophyll a (7.80%), chlorophyll b (15.83%), total chlorophyll (10.65%) over the control under drought stress. A significant increase in shoot N, P, and K concentration compared to control under drought stress also validated the effectiveness of 2mM AL + 2%KBC. In conclusion, 2mM AL + 2%KBC is an effective amendment for alleviating drought stress in fenugreeks. Under drought stress, growers are recommended to apply 2mM AL + 2%KBC to achieve better fenugreek growth.
