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Öğe 3d printing personalized treatment methods for bone tissue engineering applications(Antalya Belek Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2023) Oktay, Aysel; Oktay, Büşra; Bingöl, Ayşe Betül; Üstündağ, Cem BülentBone injuries and deformities are one of the major health problems worldwide. To overcome this problem, bone tissue engineering focuses on producing synthetic bones that can be used to treat patients with bone injuries or deformities. Personalized 3D printing is used to produce customized bone prostheses based on the size and shape of the patient's bone damage. Printed in accordance with software-generated algorithms, 3D printing enables the creation of patientspecific bone implants that precisely fit the individual's specific anatomy. This method, which allows 3D-printed bone implants to be tailored to the specific needs of the patient, aims to improve treatment outcomes and reduce the risk of complications associated with incompatible standard implants. Biological materials such as biocompatible polymers and bioactive ceramics can be used in the 3D printing process to ensure that the prosthesis is similar to the patient's existing bone structure and to mimic the biological and mechanical properties of the tissue. In addition, natural bone biopolymers, bioceramics, biological materials and cells are used together. The inclusion of stem cells and growth factors for the production of biofunctional implants can stimulate bone regeneration and accelerate the healing process. Bone tissue engineering, which combines advanced 3D printing technologies with personalized treatment methods, is an interesting application in the field of regenerative medicine. This innovative approach has significant potential in the treatment of bone injuries and deformities by providing tailored solutions that support better patient outcomes and overall quality of life. This review summarizes the analysis, biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and potential of promoting osteogenesis of bioinks and biomaterials for 3D printing in bone tissue engineering. So, this review encourages interdisciplinary collaboration and supports innovation in regenerative medicine.Öğe Bioreactors for tissue engineering(Springer Cham, 2023) Oktay, Aysel; Ahata, Büşra; Kan, Tuğçe; Serefoğlu, Beyza Gün; Tanyeri, Yiğit; Oktay, Büşra; Çakır, Rabia KoçBioreactors have been widely used in various fields of biological production for many years. Their ability to provide a tightly controlled environment during the process and to allow for monitoring and intervention to the process parameters make them quite favorable to use in biological production lines. Also, bioreactors are widely employed in tissue engineering applications. Ideally, a tissue engineering bioreactor should have the capability to effectively regulate various environmental factors, such as pH, oxygen levels, temperature, nutrient transportation and waste elimination. Additionally, it should facilitate sterile operations, such as sampling and feeding, as well as automated procedures. The general approach for these applications include immobilization of suitable cells within porous, biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolds. These scaffolds serve as frameworks for tissue formation and the cell/scaffold constructs are cultured within a bioreactor, which creates a dynamic in vitro setting conducive to tissue growth. As the technology for these systems and required conditions continue to become more complex, these bioreactor designs will also evolve with time to help treat patients with diseases related to tissue damage. There are specific designs for various kinds of bioreactors (spinner flasks, rotating wall vessel bioreactors, perfusion systems, pulsatile systems, strain systems, hollow fiber systems, wave bioreactors, microfluidic bioreactors, compression and hydrostatic systems) in the market which allows better outcomes for certain applications such as cardiovascular tissue engineering, bladder tissue engineering, neural tissue engineering, cornea tissue engineering, kidney tissue engineering, musculoskeletal tissue engineering, lung tissue engineering and gastrointestinal tissue engineering. All of these different systems and their special applications for tissue engineering studies are explained in this chapter with their specific advantages and disadvantages which make them favorable with the physicochemical environment they provide. When current developments are examined and evaluated, it is seen that bioreactors will have enhanced designs that will help them better mimic the physiological pathways of cells, tissues and their interaction with the surroundings to have better solutions for whole organ, bone, and regenerative tissue engineering applications in the future.Öğe Corrosion response and biocompatibility of graphene oxide (GO)–serotonin (Ser) coatings on Ti6Al7Nb and Ti29Nb13Ta4.6Zr (TNTZ) alloys fabricated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD(Materials Today Communications, 2023) Oktay, Aysel; Yılmazer, Hakan; Agata, Przekora; Yılmazer, Yasemin; Wojcik, Michal; Dikici, Burak; Üstündağ, Cem BülentIn this study, Ti6Al7Nb and Ti29Nb13Ta4.6Zr (TNTZ) alloys coated with graphene oxide (GO) and serotonin (Ser) by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique were evaluated for possible usage as an orthopedic implant in terms of their in-vitro corrosion response, biocompatibility, and wettability. In-vitro corrosion analyses were carried out to determine the electrochemical response of the coatings in Hanks’ solution (named as SBF) at body temperature (37 ?C). Biocompatibility of the coated materials was evaluated by direct contact method using normal mouse calvarial preosteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1 Subclone 4). To this purpose, cytotoxic effect and cell proliferation rate were evaluated. The wettability test was performed using static contact angle method (sessile drop technique). The results showed that only GO and GO+Ser coatings had a negative effect on the corrosion resistance of TNTZ alloy. However, the Icorr value of the GO+Ser coatings improved almost 2 and 4 times compared to only GO coated Ti6Al7Nb and uncoated Ti6Al7Nb, respectively. GO+Ser coating made the substrates more hydrophilic, making the surface more suitable for protein adsorption and cell adhesion. Obtained results showed that GO+Ser coated Ti6Al7Nb was more favorable to osteoblast survival (106% viability after 24- h incubation), adhesion and proliferation (almost 6 times faster after 3 days of incubation) compared to only GO coated Ti6Al7Nb (87% viability). Confocal microscope analysis confirmed WST-8 cytotoxicity test results and non-cytotoxicity of the modified surfaces. The GO+Ser coated Ti6Al7Nb possesses better biomedical potential than GO coated Ti6Al7Nb.Öğe Electrochemical sensors(Elsevier, 2024) Keles, Gulsu; Oktay, Aysel; Aslan, Pakize; Yarman, Aysu; Kurbanoglu, SevincOver the past few years, electroanalytical techniques have become increasingly widespread in the analysis of various component applications. They are noticeable by their distinctive attributes, such as sensitivity, selectivity, rapid response, minimal solution volume requirements, and user-friendliness. Electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are mentioned in this chapter. Polymers received specific attention and a critical role in the advancement and design of electrochemical sensors. Conducting polymers’ (CPs) polymer backbone chain is characterized by alternating single and double bond configurations, which allow CPs to conduct electricity up to a certain limit, allowing them to possess attractive intrinsic features advantageous in electronic applications. Molecular imprinting, a method that forms specific recognition sites in polymer matrices, is currently extensively utilized in the development of robust sensors in various fields such as industries, diagnostics, and environmental analysis. This chapter describes recent applications and some examples of CPs and molecularly imprinted polymers based sensors. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Molekularer abdruck oder selektion bei der erzeugung biomimetischer specifyer(Springer, 2023) Oktay, Aysel; Menger, Marcus M.; Yarman, Ayşe; Scheller, Frieder W.Zum Ersatz oder auch zur Ergänzung von Antikörpern für niedermolekulare Substanzen wie Antibiotika, Umweltgifte und Pharmaka, aber auch für Proteinbiomarker, Viren und Mikroorganismen in Trennungstechniken, Diagnostik und Therapie, wurden Binder moleküle auf der Basis von Oligonukleotiden (Aptamere) mittels des SELEXVerfahrens und voll synthetische „Molekular Geprägte (Imprinted) Polymere“ (MIPs) entwickelt. Diese Specifyer können ohne Versuchstiere hergestellt werden und erreichen zu Antikörpern vergleichbare Affi nitäten. Sie konnten bereits in zahlreiche Applikationen transferiert werden, aber ihre Synthesekonzepte – Abformung vs. Selektion – können aufgrund ihrer jeweiligen Molekülbasis unterschiedlicher kaum sein.Öğe Tissue regeneration processing and mimicking(Springer Cham, 2023) Oktay, Aysel; Oktay, Büşra; Durası, Elif; Çalık, Hilal; Tenim, İlkay; Yılmaz, Rabia Öztürk; Aydın, Rüveyda; Mahouti, Tarlan; Yılmazer, Hakan; Çakır, Rabia KoçTissue regeneration has been one of the comprehensive topics that underlie tissue engineering and has been researched over years. The main aim in tissue engineering is to create a tissue microenvironment produced from natural or synthetic biomaterials, to promote tissue regeneration in the injured site, thus mimicking the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) structure as much as possible, to ensure the migration of specific cells to the site, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. In this context, it is critical to understand the difference between tissue repair and tissue regeneration, the main stages of tissue repair (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling), and the regeneration and repair mechanisms of the four basic tissues (connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve tissue). Studies on tissue regeneration mainly focus on scaffolds, decellularized tissues, and their combination with cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation, such as stem cells. Herein, it is also presented in detail how to mimic the tissue microenvironment, the essential characteristics of a scaffold and why decellularized tissues are needed.