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    Introduction and Review on Active Structural Control
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Ulusoy, Serdar; Nigdeli, Sinan Melih; Bekdaş, Gebrail
    The number of stories of structures has been increased to meet the needs of people or long-span bridges are built for easier transportation. However, various destructive dynamic loads such as earthquakes and strong winds have negative effects on the structure without control systems. Therefore, control systems are necessary for these constructions. Furthermore, it is not enough for these constructions to be just safe and reliable. Constructions should be less exposed to vibrations under the influence of earthquakes and strong winds. For this reason, an external power source (activator) that can handle the large horizontal loads in these structures and a system that controls this source are needed. This study summarizes different active control systems, control techniques and studies on active structural control. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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    Optimum Design of Reinforced Concrete Columns in Case of Fire
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Günay, Uğur; Ulusoy, Serdar; Bekdaş, Gebrail; Nigdeli, Sinan Melih
    When designing load-bearing reinforced concrete components, external factors such as fire should be taken into account in addition to horizontal and vertical forces. Parameters such as cross-section of the reinforced concrete components, concrete cover, material properties and quantity of the concrete steel affect significantly the fire resistance of the reinforced concrete section exposed to fire. In this study, optimal cross-sections are obtained for 30, 60 and 90 fire duration taking into account the different cross-sections and concrete cover of the reinforced concrete column. The method for calculating the optimal sections of reinforced concrete columns is the modified metaheuristic algorithm, which is a combination of Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) with Jaya Algorithm (JA). The behavior of reinforced concrete column in case of fire is investigated according to EN-1992-1-2 (Eurocode 2: Design of reinforced concrete structures-Part 1–2: General rules—Structural fire design). The Eurocode offers 3 different methods for the fire design of concrete structures (simplified, advanced calculation methods and the tabulated date). In this study, optimal results are obtained in the tabulated date section. Thus, some limitations in EN-1992-1-2 such as minimum reinforcement cross-sectional area and column buckling length have been overcome. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.