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    Exploring barriers to smart and sustainable circular economy: The case of an automotive eco-cluster
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2021) Kayikci, Yasanur; Kazancoglu, Yigit; Lafci, Cisem; Gozacan, Nazlican
    The transition process from linear economy to circular economy (CE) has brought many challenges and barriers. The three core concepts, which are smartness, sustainability, and circularity, need to be intertwined and adapted by companies to overcome these barriers. Based on this intertwined structure, this paper presents the concept of Smart and Sustainable Circular Economy (SSCE) at the macro-level and addresses the barriers of SSCE under four main aspects: technology, producers, consumers, and policy. Moreover, these four aspects are investigated for small and medium-sized enterprises of an Eco-Cluster in the automotive industry. The fuzzy DEMATEL method is used to uncover, analyse, and discuss the influencing and affected SSCE barriers critically. Finding these SSCE barriers gives an insight into the underlying problems of CE practices, as the only way to ensure an opportunity to achieve SSCE goals is to overcome them. The principal results show that problems of ownership issues in an Eco-Cluster, lack of governmental support and administrative burden, and lack of effective execution of environmental regulations are found as causal barriers that are difficult to change. Furthermore, lack of integration and collaboration among supply chain partners, ineffective CE framework adoption, and product complexity for CE principles are classified as effect barriers that are easily affected by the other factors and the implications can be shown in the short-term. Besides, the cooperation between supply chain partners can be encouraged to provide a solution to the lack of integration and collaboration between supply chain partners and the adoption of an ineffective CE framework.
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    Improving social sustainability and reducing supply chain risks through blockchain implementation: role of outcome and behavioural mechanisms
    (Springer, 2023) Chaudhuri, Atanu; Bhatia, Manjot Singh; Kayikci, Yasanur; Fernandes, Kiran J.; Fosso-Wamba, Samuel
    The implementation of blockchain technology holds promise for improving social sustainability and minimising risks across the supply chain. A theory-driven analysis of how blockchain implementation affects social sustainability and minimises risks (outcomes) is missing in supply chain management literature. In particular, the role of technology service providers in meeting these outcomes is unknown. This research addresses these gaps by identifying the outcome-based and behavioural mechanisms needed to generate social sustainability and reduce risks through blockchain projects using agency theory as a theoretical lens. We conduct in-depth interviews with key stakeholders for four blockchain implementation projects to answer these questions. We identify that developing user-friendly applications, developing secure digital payment systems, providing support for suppliers and farmers and adapting to local conditions as the key outcome-based mechanisms. Educating and engaging with customers and building local relationships are found to be the key behavioural mechanisms needed to improve social sustainability and minimise risks using blockchain. Finally, we compare the cases and develop propositions.
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    Optimal allocation of near-expiry food in a retailer-foodbank supply network with economic and environmental considerations: An aggregator's perspective
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2021) Mandal, Jasashwi; Mitra, Rony; Gupta, Vishal Kumar; Subramanian, Nachiappan; Kayikci, Yasanur; Tiwari, Manoj Kumar
    Wastage of perishable food products is a severe concern to society and needs to be addressed to ensure food security for all. Moreover, the food waste when sent to landfills, decomposes to produce greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide. The emergence of food banks and aggregators has abated the problem of food wastage to a certain extent. An aggregator, which connects the retailers to the food banks, plays a critical role in ensuring that the food reaches the food banks on time. However, to ensure food security and reduce wastage of food, it is essential that food aggregators remain profitable. The aggregator has to determine the number of heterogeneous vehicles to hire from the market and allocate them their route on a daily basis depending on donations committed by the retailers and also take into account potential environmental impact from the decomposition of food waste and carbon emitted from hired vehicles. Hence, we propose decision support for aggregators, using data from an aggregator based in Turkey, which can help in reducing food wastage by allocating the donated food items from retailers to food banks while maximizing the profitability of the aggregator and minimizing the environmental impact. We have also analyzed how the availability of different types of vehicles can impact the aggregator's profit. Furthermore, the effect of various model parameters such as transportation cost, and percentage of retailers' gain paid to the aggregator on the total profit along with the impact of distances on types of vehicles hired is also analyzed. We have compared two strategies that the aggregator could possibly employ and generate managerial insights.
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    Readiness and Maturity of Smart and Sustainable Supply Chains: A Model Proposal
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Demir, Sercan; Gunduz, Mehmet Akif; Kayikci, Yasanur; Paksoy, Turan
    Many companies embrace Industry 4.0 technologies to enable operational sustainability against increasing climate change effects, decreasing natural resources, and raising consumer awareness of environmental issues. Even though readiness and maturity assessment of smartness and sustainability concepts are nested, no study simultaneously focuses on these concepts. As pioneering research, we propose a novel model titled Smart and Sustainable Supply chain Readiness and Maturity model (S3RM) and validate it by conducting a case study in the automotive industry. We design our model upon the triple-bottom-line (TBL) approach consisting of smartness and sustainability dime5nsions. Our study introduces the TBL of smartness covering availability, integrity, and adaptability sub-dimension. TBL of sustainability includes social, environmental, and economic sub-dimensions. The proposed model calculates the Smart and Sustainable Readiness and Maturity Index by averaging sustainability scores' summation and smartness scores' multiplication. Each sub-dimension consists of items measured by a readiness and maturity scale. The findings suggest how smartness and sustainability items create strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the supply chain operations. Our model provides managerial implications in assessing the readiness and maturity of Industry 4.0 tools and sustainability indicators. This study offers a road map to managers on smart and sustainable supply chains' defined target areas.
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    Smart circular supply chains to achieving SDGs for post-pandemic preparedness
    (Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2022) Kayikci, Yasanur; Kazancoglu, Yigit; Lafci, Cisem; Gozacan-Chase, Nazlican; Mangla, Sachin Kumar
    Purpose The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created heavy pressure on firms, by increasing the challenges and disruptions that they have to deal with on being sustainable. For this purpose, it is aimed to reveal the role of the smart circular supply chain (SCSC) and its enablers towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for post-pandemic preparedness. Design/methodology/approach Total interpretive structural modelling and Matrice d'Impacts Croises Multipication Applique' a un Classement (MICMAC) have been applied to analyse the SCSC enablers which are supported by the natural-based resource view in Turkey's food industry. In this context, industry experts working in the food supply chain (meat sector) and academics came together to interpret the result and discuss the enablers that the supply chain experienced during the pandemic for creating a realistic framework for post-pandemic preparedness. Findings The results of this study show that governmental support and top management involvement are the enablers that have the most driving power on other enablers, however, none of them depend on any other enablers. Originality/value The identification of the impact and role of enablers in achieving SDGs by combining smart and circular capabilities in the supply chain for the post-pandemic.