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Öğe Engineering a European Islam: an analysis of attempts to domesticate European Muslims in Austria, France, and Germany(Seta Foundation, 2018) Bayraklı, Enes; Hafez, Farid; Faytre, LeonardToday, a number of European states' policies on religion aim at creating a nationalized Islam. In many Western European countries, the Ministries of the Interior have institutionalized 'dialogue platforms' to discuss issues of Islam, society, inclusion and extremism with Muslim actors. This reveals the implicit assumptions of these governments when talking to Muslims. The underlying message is that Muslims pose a security threat to the state and society, a perception that is manifested in many countries, and that Muslims are seen simultaneously as a threat and an ally. This article analyzes the Ministry of Interior's attempts to institutionalize Islam in the cases of Austria, Germany, and France and it compares these states in order to investigate different modes of operation, similarities and differences.Öğe European Islamophobia report(2023) Bayraklı, Enes; Hafez, FaridWe published the eighth edition of the European Islamophobia Report (EIR)1 , covering the year 2022, on the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination on March 21st. The eighth edition of the European Islamophobia Report, which brings together 26 local academics and experts specializing in racism and human rights, addresses the state and development of Islamophobia across Europe. The annual report includes 23 country reports, inviting policymakers, civil society, academics, and anyone interested in Islamophobia to gain information about the most significant events related to Islamophobia in 2022. Since the initial publication of the report covering the year 2015, the European Islamophobia Report has become an essential resource for obtaining information about Islamophobia in politics, media, employment, education, the legal system, and the network of Islamophobia. This report extensively explores the primary factors that directly or indirectly contribute to the escalation of anti-Muslim bigotry in Europe. It encompasses a wide array of issues, ranging from Islamophobic rhetoric propagated in domestic media to legislation and policies that curtail the basic rights of European Muslim citizens, ultimately posing a threat to society at large. Accordingly, the 2022 European Islamophobia Report addresses the repercussions of anti-Muslim racism on rights such as association, expression, and religious freedom, as well as its impacts on the rule of law in Europe.Öğe Islamophobia in Muslim Majority Societies Introduction(Routledge, 2019) Bayrakli, Enes; Hafez, Farid[No abstract available]Öğe Making sense of Islamophobia in Muslim societies(Routledge, 2019) Bayrakli, Enes; Hafez, Farid; Faytre, Leonard[No abstract available]