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Öğe Additive manufacturing technologies and its future in industrial applications(Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2021) İyibilgin, Osman; Gepek, EnginAdditive manufacturing technologies have developed rapidly in the last ten years and have become a technology with significant advantages compared to traditional manufacturing. Depending on discovering new materials and techniques, additive manufacturing technologies also develop and become more economical and sustainable technology. The widespread use of this technology in industrial areas has accelerated development and contributed to increased product quality. However, to ensure the development and continuity of this technology, it is necessary to reduce the production costs, increase the quality and accelerate the production processes. These processes also trigger competition and accelerate the development of technology. The areas that additive manufacturing technologies are mostly applied can be grouped as aerospace, biomedical, smart technologies, and other industrial applications. The fact that these areas are popular research areas also accelerates the development of additive manufacturing technologies. In this review, additive manufacturing technologies from past to present, advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, aspects that need to be developed, and industrial applications are examined and explained. When the studies on additive manufacturing technologies and industrial applications are examined, it is seen that this technology has a wide usage area. With the use of additive manufacturing technologies, previously encountered in prototypes and special applications, in automotive, biomedical, and smart technologies, it is seen that they have begun to take place more in people's daily lives.Öğe Characterization of CP-Titanium produced via binder jetting and conventional powder metallurgy(CSIC-Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, 2022) İyibilgin, Osman; Gepek, EnginTitanium (Ti) and its alloys are among the most commonly used materials in biomedical applications. In addition to being biocompatible, these materials have notable low density and high corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. It is difficult or impossible to produce parts with complex geometry using conventional powder metallurgy (PM) method since this method is based on shaping powders under uniaxial forces using molds. Binder Jetting is a kind of additive manufacturing technique that do not need molds to shape powders. This study focuses on comparing the properties of the porous CP-Ti parts produced using PM and Binder Jetting. The parts were sintered for 120 min under Argon atmosphere at 1200 degrees C. After sintering, approximately 94% and 92% relative density values were achieved in the specimens produced using the PM and the 3D printer, respectively. It was also observed that the sample produced using 25 MPa compacting pressure has a hardness of 317 +/- 10 HV0.05 and a compressive (yield) strength of 928 MPa while its counterpart produced using the 3D printer has a hardness of 238 +/- 8 HV0.05 and a compressive (yield) strength of 342 MPa. Although the hardness and strength of the specimens produced with the 3D printer were lower than PM ones, their properties are appropriate for producing implants to replace bone structures.Öğe Fabrication and characterization of innovative chitosan/doxorubicin coated 3D printed microneedle patch for prolonged drug delivery(Wiley, 2022) Camci, Yagmur; Turk, Serbulent; Gepek, Engin; Iyibilgin, Osman; Ozsoy, Mehmet IskenderIn this study, microneedles (MNs) were successfully fabricated using the 3D printing method, which provides ease of production and reproduction in the desired size. Chi/Dox MNs drug delivery systems containing doxorubicin (Dox) were successfully produced in the presence of glutaraldehyde, which was coated with chitosan (Chi) and used as a crosslinker to prolong the drug release of the produced MNs. The obtained Chi/Dox MNs drug distribution systems were characterized by SEM, FTIR, zeta, contact angle, surface energy, compression test, and drug release tests. With the SEM analyzes performed before and after coating, it was observed that the MNs were in micro dimensions, and the diameters of the MNs tips before and after coating were 41.22 mu m and 54.58 mu m, respectively. After the compression test, it was analyzed that each MNs could withstand a force of about 76 N. The zeta potentials of Chi and Dox solutions were measured as 8.8 and 21.5 mV, respectively. FTIR, zeta potential, contact angle, and surface energy results confirm the Dox coating and their interactions. It has been observed that Chi/Dox MNs has successfully extended drug release time without drug-burst, and their use in skin cancer treatment is promising.Öğe Pull-out strength of screws in long bones at different insertion angles: finite element analysis and experimental investigations(De Gruyter, 2024) Gepek, Engin; İyibilgin, Osman; Bayam, Levent; Drampalos, Efstathios; Shoaib, AmerDifferent types of plates are available to allow insertion of screws for internal fixation of long bone fractures. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the insertion of screws at different angles on a long bone to the pull-out strength. Using 3D printed bone models, we tested the pull-out strength of screws in long bones at insertion angles between 0 and 40° with both finite element analysis and on printed models experimentally and compared the results. Test samples and cortical screws used were modeled with SolidWorks software and analyzed with Ansys software. As the screw insertion angle increases, the pull-out forces on the test specimens increase from 61.14 ± 3.5 N at 0° to 273 ± 6.8 N at 40° with an exception of a small drop between 15 and 20° from 235.4 ± 6.2 to 233 ± 6.9 N. Both methods showed an increase in the pull-out strength of screws as the insertion angle increases. This might be applicable in the clinical practice of bone fixation. Further studies on plate and screw fixation are needed to complement the findings.
