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dc.contributor.authorLi, Junkai
dc.contributor.authorÜnal, Can Murat
dc.contributor.authorNamikawa, Kazuhiko
dc.contributor.authorSteinert, Michael
dc.contributor.authorKoester, Reinhard W.
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-08T21:51:21Z
dc.date.available2021-01-08T21:51:21Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.issn1940-087X
dc.identifier.urihttp://doi.org/10.3791/60793
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12846/161
dc.descriptionWOS:000518403300084en_US
dc.descriptionPubMed: 32116293en_US
dc.description.abstractClostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is considered to be one of the most common healthcare-associated gastrointestinal infections in the United States. The innate immune response against C. difficile has been described, but the exact roles of neutrophils and macrophages in CDI are less understood. In the current study, Danio rerio (zebrafish) larvae are used to establish a C. difficile infection model for imaging the behavior and cooperation of these innate immune cells in vivo. To monitor C. difficile, a labeling protocol using a fluorescent dye has been established. A localized infection is achieved by microinjecting labeled C. difficile, which actively grows in the zebrafish intestinal tract and mimics the intestinal epithelial damage in CDI. However, this direct infection protocol is invasive and causes microscopic wounds, which can affect experimental results. Hence, a more noninvasive microgavage protocol is described here. The method involves delivery of C. difficile cells directly into the intestine of zebrafish larvae by intubation through the open mouth. This infection method closely mimics the natural infection route of C. difficile.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipFederal State of Lower Saxony, Niedersachsisches Vorab [VWZN2889]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipWe are grateful to Timo Fritsch for excellent animal care. We thank the members of the Koster and Steinert labs for support and helpful discussions. We thank Dr. Dandan Han for critical reading the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge funding by the Federal State of Lower Saxony, Niedersachsisches Vorab (VWZN2889).en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherJournal Of Visualized Experimentsen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectDevelopmental Biologyen_US
dc.subjectIssue 156en_US
dc.subjectZebrafishen_US
dc.subjectDanio Rerioen_US
dc.subjectClostridioides Difficile Infectionen_US
dc.subjectMicroinjectionen_US
dc.subjectLive Stainingen_US
dc.subjectMicrogavageen_US
dc.subjectAnaerobeen_US
dc.subjectDissectionen_US
dc.subjectGnotobiotic Zebrafishen_US
dc.titleDevelopment of a larval zebrafish infection model for clostridioides difficileen_US
dc.typearticleen_US
dc.relation.journalJove-Journal Of Visualized Experimentsen_US
dc.identifier.issue156en_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.contributor.departmentTAÜ, Fen Fakültesi, Moleküler Biyoteknoloji Bölümüen_US
dc.contributor.institutionauthorÜnal, Can Murat
dc.identifier.doi10.3791/60793


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